The History Of Life On Earth | Big Bang | A Brief History Of Time

The History Of Life On Earth | Big Bang | A Brief History Of Time

It's raining outside now and I am having a cup of coffee and curious about the behaviour of nature. Meet these gentlemen, Mallikarjun and Nagabhushan, both of them lives in Bangalore and are very close friends of mine.

This two gentleman also has a curiosity about nature too. They often come up with so many questions about nature and keep on thinking on those unresolved answers. And they have requested me to make a video on their choices interesting topics.

1. Where does air come from?

2. Why does thunderstorm happen during rain?

3. How did life begin on earth?

This is the perfect day to respect their request to me. This video is dedicated to Mallikarjun and Nagbhushan as a gesture of their love and trust in me. Friends, this video is also for you, who loves nature and are curious about the wonders of nature, the same way as I am.

1. Where does air come from?

It’s the earth, where we live in and the life on Earth swims at the bottom of a colourless ocean of the air. The presence of air on our beautiful planet Earth, began before the planet even formed. During the Big Bang, various gases such as helium, oxygen, and others were together which were distributed to its parts when that big ball of heat broke up. fortunately, our earth got a major part of the surviving gas oxygen. Volcanic eruptions also gave these gases which occurred very frequently in those historic times. This formed the base of the atmosphere. Earth's current atmosphere developed through a sequence of events that started with the coalescing solar system. Air is the invisible mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth. Air contains important substances, such as oxygen and nitrogen, that most species need to survive. 

The wind is air in motion. It is produced by the uneven heating of the earth’s surface by the sun. Some parts of the Earth receive direct rays from the sun all year and are always warm. Other places receive indirect rays, so the climate is colder. Warm air, which weighs less than cold air, rises up. Then cool air moves in and replaces the rising warm air. This movement of this air is what makes the wind to blow.

The sea has a greater heat-absorbing capacity than land, so the surface of the sea warms up more slowly than the land. The warming air expands and becomes less dense, decreasing the pressure over the land. The air above the sea has a relatively higher pressure, causing air near the coast to flow towards the lower pressure over land.

At night, the land cools off faster than the ocean due to differences in their heat capacity. If the land becomes cooler than the adjacent sea surface temperature, the air pressure over the water will be lower than that of the land, setting up a land breeze blowing from the land to the sea. The land breeze will die once the land warms up again the next morning.

1. Why does thunderstorm happen during rain?

Thunder is the sound caused by lightning. Depending on the distance from and nature of the lightning. The sudden increase in pressure and temperature from lightning produces rapid expansion of the air within and surrounding the path of a lightning strike. In turn, this expansion of air creates a sonic shock wave, often referred to as a "thunderclap" or "peal of thunder".

A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm. this is a storm known as thunder with the presence of lightning and its sound effect on the planet, known as thunder. Lightning is an electric current. Within a cloud way up in the sky, many small pieces of frozen raindrops bump into each other as they move around in the air. All of those collisions create an electric charge. After a while, the whole cloud fills up with electrical charges. The positive charges or protons form at the top of the cloud and the negative charges or electrons form at the bottom of the cloud. Since opposites attract, that causes a positive charge to build upon the ground beneath the cloud. The grounds electrical charge concentrates around anything that sticks up, such as mountains, people, or single trees. Lightning is approximately 54,000 degrees Fahrenheit. That is six times hotter than the surface of the sun.

Thunderstorms occur in a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus. They are usually accompanied by strong winds, and often produce heavy rain and sometimes snow, sleet, or hail, Strong or severe thunderstorms include some of the most dangerous weather phenomena, including large hail, strong winds, and tornadoes. 

Thunderstorms can form and develop in any geographic location but most frequently within the mid-latitude, where warm, moist air from tropical latitudes collides with cooler air from polar latitudes. Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena.

3. how did life begin on earth?

How old is the universe, and how did it begin? Throughout research history, countless myths, hypothesis and scientific theories have tried to explain the universe's origins. The most extensively accepted simplification is the big bang theory. In 1927, the Belgian Catholic priest Georges Lemaître proposed an expanding model for the universe to explain the observed redshifts of spiral nebulae. He based his theory on the work of Einstein and De Sitter, and independently derived Friedmann's equations for an expanding universe.

In the very beginning of earth's history, this planet was a giant, red hot, roiling, boiling sea of the ocean of magma. The heat had been generated by the repeated high-speed collisions of much smaller bodies of space rocks that continually stumped together as they collided to form our current planet. As the collisions gradually decreased, the primitive earth began to cool, forming a thin crust on its surface.

Scientists are still trying to resolve one of the greatest mysteries of earth: When did "life" first appear and how did it happen? It is estimated that the first life forms on earth were primitive, one-celled creatures that appeared about 3 billion years ago. Then suddenly those single-celled organisms began to evolve into multicellular organisms. Then an unparalleled profusion of life in incredibly complex forms began to fill the oceans. Some crawled from the seas and took residence on land, perhaps to escape predators in the ocean.

As the cooling continued, water vapour began to escape and condense in the earth's early atmosphere. Clouds formed and storms raged, raining more and more water down on the primitive earth, cooling the surface further until it was flooded with water, forming the seas.

The Miller–Urey experiment was a chemical experiment, that simulated the conditions at the time to be present on the early Earth, and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions.The experiment used water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen. The chemicals were all sealed inside a sterile 5-liter glass flask connected to a 500 ml flask half-full of water. Then by going through a stage of evaporation, Continuous electrical sparks and condensation they have simulated lightning in the water vapour and gaseous mixture condition like primitive earthAt the end of one week of continuous operation and processing through a series of chemical reactions, Miller identified five amino acid’s present in the solution.

Amino Acid: the first building block of life in this earth.

Scientists have been looking increasingly to space to explain these mass extinctions that have been happening almost like clockwork since the beginning of "living" time. Still, scientists are finding new indications to find out how life first began on earth in some really interesting places - the deep ocean.